YANO's digital garage

まずは新定番WLI-UC-GNMで一件落着したUSB-WiFiアダプタ問題。

個人的には「親機子機同時モード」には拘らないので実売価格1000円以下のWLI-UC-GNM推しなのだが、現行モデルのWLI-UC-GNM2も2011年8月の発売から3年以上経過しているので、何はともあれubuntu 14.04 desktopで試してみた。

yano@Trusty:~$ tail -f /var/log/syslog
Apr  2 01:06:31 Trusty kernel: [ 1673.632171] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-pci
Apr  2 01:06:31 Trusty kernel: [ 1673.961582] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0411, idProduct=01ee
Apr  2 01:06:31 Trusty kernel: [ 1673.961589] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
Apr  2 01:06:31 Trusty kernel: [ 1673.961592] usb 1-1: Product: 802.11 n WLAN
Apr  2 01:06:31 Trusty kernel: [ 1673.961594] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: Ralink
Apr  2 01:06:31 Trusty kernel: [ 1673.961596] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 1.0
Apr  2 01:06:32 Trusty mtp-probe: checking bus 1, device 2: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0b.0/usb1/1-1"
Apr  2 01:06:32 Trusty mtp-probe: bus: 1, device: 2 was not an MTP device
Apr  2 01:06:32 Trusty kernel: [ 1674.240549] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain
Apr  2 01:06:32 Trusty kernel: [ 1674.322109] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated:
Apr  2 01:06:32 Trusty kernel: [ 1674.322117] cfg80211:   (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp)
Apr  2 01:06:32 Trusty kernel: [ 1674.322119] cfg80211:   (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm)
Apr  2 01:06:32 Trusty kernel: [ 1674.322120] cfg80211:   (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm)
Apr  2 01:06:32 Trusty kernel: [ 1674.322121] cfg80211:   (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm)
Apr  2 01:06:32 Trusty kernel: [ 1674.322123] cfg80211:   (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm)
Apr  2 01:06:32 Trusty kernel: [ 1674.322124] cfg80211:   (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm)
Apr  2 01:06:32 Trusty kernel: [ 1674.664212] usb 1-1: reset high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-pci
Apr  2 01:06:33 Trusty kernel: [ 1675.178365] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00_set_rt: Info - RT chipset 3070, rev 0201 detected
Apr  2 01:06:33 Trusty kernel: [ 1675.628913] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00_set_rf: Info - RF chipset 0005 detected
Apr  2 01:06:33 Trusty kernel: [ 1675.712225] ieee80211 phy0: Selected rate control algorithm 'minstrel_ht'
Apr  2 01:06:33 Trusty kernel: [ 1675.719888] usbcore: registered new interface driver rt2800usb
Apr  2 01:07:42 Trusty ModemManager[3211]: <info>  ModemManager (version 1.0.0) starting...
Apr  2 01:07:42 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> NetworkManager (version 0.9.8.8) is starting...
Apr  2 01:07:42 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Read config file /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
Apr  2 01:07:42 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> WEXT support is enabled
Apr  2 01:07:42 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> VPN: loaded org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.pptp
Apr  2 01:07:42 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> DNS: loaded plugin dnsmasq
Apr  2 01:07:42 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ifupdown: init!
Apr  2 01:07:42 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ifupdown: update_system_hostname
Apr  2 01:07:42 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:       interface-parser: parsing file /etc/network/interfaces
Apr  2 01:07:42 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:       interface-parser: finished parsing file /etc/network/interfaces
Apr  2 01:07:42 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPluginIfupdown: guessed connection type (eth0) = 802-3-ethernet
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ifupdown: update_connection_setting_from_if_block: name:eth0, type:802-3-ethernet, id:Ifupdown (eth0), uuid: 681b428f-beaf-8932-dce4-687ed5bae28e
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ifupdown: adding eth0 to connections
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ifupdown: adding iface eth0 to eni_ifaces
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ifupdown: autoconnect
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPluginIfupdown: management mode: unmanaged
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ifupdown: devices added (path: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.0/net/eth0, iface: eth0)
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPluginIfupdown: locking wired connection setting
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ifupdown: devices added (path: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0b.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/net/wlan1, iface: wlan1)
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ifupdown: device added (path: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0b.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/net/wlan1, iface: wlan1): no ifupdown configuration found.
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ifupdown: end _init.
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Loaded plugin ifupdown: (C) 2008 Canonical Ltd.  To report bugs please use the NetworkManager mailing list.
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Loaded plugin keyfile: (c) 2007 - 2010 Red Hat, Inc.  To report bugs please use the NetworkManager mailing list.
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ofono: Acquired D-Bus service com.canonical.NMOfono
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ofono: init!
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ofono: end _init.
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Loaded plugin (null): (null)
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    Ifupdown: get unmanaged devices count: 1
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ifupdown: (8109840) ... get_connections.
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ifupdown: (8109840) ... get_connections (managed=false): return empty list.
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    keyfile: parsing TEST-WIFI 1 ...
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    keyfile:     read connection 'TEST-WIFI 1'
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    keyfile: parsing TEST-WIFI ...
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    keyfile:     read connection 'TEST-WIFI'
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ofono: (335560832) ... get_connections.
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    SCPlugin-Ofono: (335560832) connections count: 0
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]:    Ifupdown: get unmanaged devices count: 1
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> monitoring kernel firmware directory '/lib/firmware'.
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> rfkill0: found WiFi radio killswitch (at /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0b.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/ieee80211/phy0/rfkill0) (driver rt2800usb)
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> WiFi enabled by radio killswitch; enabled by state file
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> WWAN enabled by radio killswitch; enabled by state file
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> WiMAX enabled by radio killswitch; enabled by state file
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Networking is enabled by state file
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <warn> failed to allocate link cache: (-12) Object not found
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (eth0): carrier is ON
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (eth0): new Ethernet device (driver: 'e1000' ifindex: 2)
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (eth0): exported as /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/0
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): using nl80211 for WiFi device control
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): driver supports Access Point (AP) mode
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): new 802.11 WiFi device (driver: 'rt2800usb' ifindex: 4)
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): exported as /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/1
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): device state change: unmanaged -> unavailable (reason 'managed') [10 20 2]
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): bringing up device.
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty kernel: [ 1745.252245] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00lib_request_firmware: Info - Loading firmware file 'rt2870.bin'
Apr  2 01:07:43 Trusty kernel: [ 1745.265115] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00lib_request_firmware: Info - Firmware detected - version: 0.29
Apr  2 01:07:44 Trusty ModemManager[3211]: <warn>  Couldn't find support for device at '/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.0': not supported by any plugin
Apr  2 01:07:44 Trusty ModemManager[3211]: <warn>  Couldn't find support for device at '/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0b.0/usb1/1-1': not supported by any plugin
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty kernel: [ 1748.399044] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan1: link is not ready
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): preparing device.
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): deactivating device (reason 'managed') [2]
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_GLOBAL
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty kernel: [ 1748.401721] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan1: link is not ready
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty dbus[457]: [system] Activating service name='fi.w1.wpa_supplicant1' (using servicehelper)
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> urfkill disappeared from the bus
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: message repeated 2 times: [ <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)]
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> ModemManager available in the bus
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty dbus[457]: [system] Successfully activated service 'fi.w1.wpa_supplicant1'
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> wpa_supplicant started
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty wpa_supplicant[3225]: Successfully initialized wpa_supplicant
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1) supports 4 scan SSIDs
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <warn> Trying to remove a non-existant call id.
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): supplicant interface state: starting -> ready
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): device state change: unavailable -> disconnected (reason 'supplicant-available') [20 30 42]
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): supplicant interface state: ready -> disconnected
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1) supports 4 scan SSIDs
Apr  2 01:07:46 Trusty wpa_supplicant[3227]: wlan1: CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-STARTED
Apr  2 01:07:51 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): supplicant interface state: disconnected -> inactive
Apr  2 01:07:52 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> WiFi hardware radio set enabled
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) starting connection 'TEST-WIFI 2'
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): device state change: disconnected -> prepare (reason 'none') [30 40 0]
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> NetworkManager state is now CONNECTING
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) scheduled...
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) started...
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) scheduled...
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) complete.
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) starting...
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): device state change: prepare -> config (reason 'none') [40 50 0]
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1/wireless): access point 'TEST-WIFI 2' has security, but secrets are required.
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): device state change: config -> need-auth (reason 'none') [50 60 0]
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:08:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) complete.
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: get_secret_flags: assertion 'is_secret_prop (setting, secret_name, error)' failed
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) scheduled...
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) started...
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): device state change: need-auth -> prepare (reason 'none') [60 40 0]
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) scheduled...
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) complete.
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) starting...
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): device state change: prepare -> config (reason 'none') [40 50 0]
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1/wireless): connection 'TEST-WIFI 2' has security, and secrets exist.  No new secrets needed.
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Config: added 'ssid' value 'TEST-WIFI'
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Config: added 'scan_ssid' value '1'
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Config: added 'key_mgmt' value 'WPA-PSK'
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Config: added 'auth_alg' value 'OPEN'
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Config: added 'psk' value '<omitted>'
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) complete.
Apr  2 01:08:58 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Config: set interface ap_scan to 1
Apr  2 01:08:59 Trusty wpa_supplicant[3227]: wlan1: CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-STARTED
Apr  2 01:08:59 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): supplicant interface state: inactive -> scanning
Apr  2 01:09:01 Trusty CRON[3256]: (root) CMD (  [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -x /usr/lib/php5/sessionclean ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && /usr/lib/php5/sessionclean /var/lib/php5 $(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime))
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty wpa_supplicant[3227]: wlan1: SME: Trying to authenticate with 00:a0:de:99:56:a1 (SSID='TEST-WIFI' freq=2437 MHz)
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty kernel: [ 1825.715880] wlan1: authenticate with 00:a0:de:99:56:a1
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty kernel: [ 1825.947607] wlan1: send auth to 00:a0:de:99:56:a1 (try 1/3)
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): supplicant interface state: scanning -> authenticating
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty wpa_supplicant[3227]: wlan1: Trying to associate with 00:a0:de:99:56:a1 (SSID='TEST-WIFI' freq=2437 MHz)
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty kernel: [ 1825.951205] wlan1: authenticated
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty kernel: [ 1825.952036] wlan1: associate with 00:a0:de:99:56:a1 (try 1/3)
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): supplicant interface state: authenticating -> associating
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty kernel: [ 1825.956143] wlan1: RX AssocResp from 00:a0:de:99:56:a1 (capab=0x31 status=0 aid=5)
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty wpa_supplicant[3227]: wlan1: Associated with 00:a0:de:99:56:a1
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty kernel: [ 1826.066525] wlan1: associated
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty kernel: [ 1826.066574] wlan1: Limiting TX power to 20 (20 - 0) dBm as advertised by 00:a0:de:99:56:a1
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty kernel: [ 1826.066616] cfg80211: Calling CRDA for country: JP
Apr  2 01:09:03 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): supplicant interface state: associating -> 4-way handshake
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty kernel: [ 1826.078025] cfg80211: Regulatory domain changed to country: JP
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty kernel: [ 1826.078031] cfg80211:   (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty kernel: [ 1826.078033] cfg80211:   (2402000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty kernel: [ 1826.078034] cfg80211:   (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty kernel: [ 1826.078035] cfg80211:   (4910000 KHz - 4990000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2300 mBm)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty kernel: [ 1826.078037] cfg80211:   (5030000 KHz - 5090000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2300 mBm)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty kernel: [ 1826.078038] cfg80211:   (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty kernel: [ 1826.078039] cfg80211:   (5250000 KHz - 5330000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2000 mBm)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty kernel: [ 1826.078040] cfg80211:   (5490000 KHz - 5710000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (N/A, 2300 mBm)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty wpa_supplicant[3227]: wlan1: WPA: Key negotiation completed with 00:a0:de:99:56:a1 [PTK=CCMP GTK=TKIP]
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty wpa_supplicant[3227]: wlan1: CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to 00:a0:de:99:56:a1 completed [id=0 id_str=]
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): supplicant interface state: 4-way handshake -> completed
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1/wireless) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) successful.  Connected to wireless network 'TEST-WIFI'.
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 3 of 5 (IP Configure Start) scheduled.
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 3 of 5 (IP Configure Start) started...
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): device state change: config -> ip-config (reason 'none') [50 70 0]
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Beginning DHCPv4 transaction (timeout in 45 seconds)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty wpa_supplicant[3227]: wlan1: WPA: Key negotiation completed with 00:a0:de:99:56:a1 [PTK=CCMP GTK=TKIP]
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> dhclient started with pid 3289
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Beginning IP6 addrconf.
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty avahi-daemon[578]: Withdrawing address record for fe80::b2c7:45ff:feee:b7ca on wlan1.
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty avahi-daemon[578]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface wlan1.IPv6 with address fe80::b2c7:45ff:feee:b7ca.
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty avahi-daemon[578]: Interface wlan1.IPv6 no longer relevant for mDNS.
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 3 of 5 (IP Configure Start) complete.
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.4
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient: Copyright 2004-2012 Internet Systems Consortium.
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient: All rights reserved.
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient:
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient: Listening on LPF/wlan1/b0:c7:45:ee:b7:ca
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): DHCPv4 state changed nbi -> preinit
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient: Sending on   LPF/wlan1/b0:c7:45:ee:b7:ca
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient: Sending on   Socket/fallback
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient: DHCPDISCOVER on wlan1 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0x4e741a2d)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.98.23 on wlan1 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x4e741a2d)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient: DHCPOFFER of 192.168.98.23 from 192.168.98.254
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient: DHCPACK of 192.168.98.23 from 192.168.98.254
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty dhclient: bound to 192.168.98.23 -- renewal in 126744 seconds.
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): DHCPv4 state changed preinit -> bound
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info>   address 192.168.98.23
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info>   prefix 24 (255.255.255.0)
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info>   gateway 192.168.98.254
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info>   nameserver '192.168.98.254'
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info>   nameserver '8.8.8.8'
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info>   nameserver '8.8.4.4'
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 5 of 5 (IPv4 Configure Commit) scheduled...
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 5 of 5 (IPv4 Commit) started...
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty avahi-daemon[578]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface wlan1.IPv4 with address 192.168.98.23.
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty avahi-daemon[578]: New relevant interface wlan1.IPv4 for mDNS.
Apr  2 01:09:04 Trusty avahi-daemon[578]: Registering new address record for 192.168.98.23 on wlan1.IPv4.
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): device state change: ip-config -> secondaries (reason 'none') [70 90 0]
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) Stage 5 of 5 (IPv4 Commit) complete.
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> (wlan1): device state change: secondaries -> activated (reason 'none') [90 100 0]
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_GLOBAL
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Unmanaged Device found; state CONNECTED forced. (see http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/191889)
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Policy set 'TEST-WIFI 2' (wlan1) as default for IPv4 routing and DNS.
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> DNS: starting dnsmasq...
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <warn> dnsmasq not available on the bus, can't update servers.
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <error> [1427940545.734303] [nm-dns-dnsmasq.c:396] update(): dnsmasq owner not found on bus: Could not get owner of name 'org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.dnsmasq': no such name
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <warn> DNS: plugin dnsmasq update failed
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Writing DNS information to /sbin/resolvconf
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty avahi-daemon[578]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface wlan1.IPv6 with address fe80::b2c7:45ff:feee:b7ca.
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty avahi-daemon[578]: New relevant interface wlan1.IPv6 for mDNS.
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty avahi-daemon[578]: Registering new address record for fe80::b2c7:45ff:feee:b7ca on wlan1.*.
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty dnsmasq[3296]: started, version 2.68 cache disabled
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty dnsmasq[3296]: compile time options: IPv6 GNU-getopt DBus i18n IDN DHCP DHCPv6 no-Lua TFTP conntrack ipset auth
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty dnsmasq[3296]: DBus support enabled: connected to system bus
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty dnsmasq[3296]: warning: no upstream servers configured
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Activation (wlan1) successful, device activated.
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <warn> dnsmasq appeared on DBus: :1.75
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty dbus[457]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' (using servicehelper)
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty NetworkManager[3218]: <info> Writing DNS information to /sbin/resolvconf
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty dnsmasq[3296]: setting upstream servers from DBus
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty dnsmasq[3296]: using nameserver 8.8.4.4#53
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty dnsmasq[3296]: using nameserver 8.8.8.8#53
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty dnsmasq[3296]: using nameserver 192.168.98.254#53
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty dbus[457]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty whoopsie[1182]: message repeated 12 times: [ offline]
Apr  2 01:09:05 Trusty whoopsie[1182]: online
Apr  2 01:09:14 Trusty ntpdate[3373]: step time server 91.189.94.4 offset 0.944028 sec
Apr  2 01:09:16 Trusty wpa_supplicant[3227]: wlan1: CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-STARTED
^C
yano@Trusty:~$ ifconfig wlan1
wlan1     Link encap:イーサネット  ハードウェアアドレス b0:c7:45:ee:b7:ca
          inetアドレス:192.168.98.23  ブロードキャスト:192.168.98.255  マスク:255.255.255.0
          inet6アドレス: fe80::b2c7:45ff:feee:b7ca/64 範囲:リンク
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  メトリック:1
          RXパケット:25 エラー:0 損失:0 オーバラン:0 フレーム:0
          TXパケット:70 エラー:0 損失:0 オーバラン:0 キャリア:0
          衝突(Collisions):0 TXキュー長:1000
          RXバイト:3746 (3.7 KB)  TXバイト:11948 (11.9 KB)

yano@Trusty:~$
yano@Trusty:~$ lsusb
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0411:01ee BUFFALO INC. (formerly MelCo., Inc.) WLI-UC-GNM2 Wireless LAN Adapter [Ralink RT3070]
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
yano@Trusty:~$

BUFFALO WLI-UC-GNM2

コントローラーがRT3070でドライバがrt2800usbというのはWLI-UC-GNと同じだったのだが、wpa_supplicantも難なくパスし、こちらもWLI-UC-GNMと同じくあっさりWPA-PSKで繋がった。

というわけで、新定番決定。

【参照】
●株式会社バッファロー BUFFALO http://buffalo.jp/
┗無線LAN子機 >> BUFFALO WLI-UC-GNM2
●価格.com http://kakaku.com/
┗バッファロー WLI-UC-GNM2
●Amazon.co.jp https://www.amazon.co.jp/
┗BUFFALO 11n対応 11g/b 無線LAN子機 親機-子機デュアルモード対応モデル WLI-UC-GNM2 909円

WLI-UC-GN、WLI-UC-GNM、WLI-UC-GNM2という３つの新定番が確立した、LinuxなWifi環境のおさらい。

製品名	VID:PID	コントローラ	ドライバ	使用可否
GW-US54GXS	2019:5303	zd1211b	zd1211rw	○
GW-USMicroN	2019:ed14	RT3070	-	×
GW-USWExtreme	2019:ed17	RTL8188CUS	rtl8192cu	○
GW-US300MiniS	2019:ab24	RT2870	rt2800usb	○
WLI-UC-GN	0411:015d	RT3070	rt2800usb	○
WLI-UC-GNM	0411:01a2	RT8070	rt2800usb	○
WLI-UC-GNM2	0411:01ee	RT3070	rt2800usb	○
WDC-433SU2M	7392:b711	MT7610U	-	×

ここまで、GUIなNetwork-Managerで動作確認を行ってきた結果を右の表に纏めてみた。

しかし、お仕事的にはサーバやリモート端末などNetwork-Managerを使えないターミナルUI環境での活用が中心なので、次のステップとしてwpa_supplicantでの動作検証を行う。

まずはCommunity Help Wikiに従い、実行中のNetwork-Managerを停止し、自動起動の設定を手動起動に変更する。

yano@Trusty:~$ sudo stop network-manager
yano@Trusty:~$ echo "manual" | sudo tee /etc/init/network-manager.override

Network-Managerも設定ファイルの代わりにGUI操作を被せただけで、実態としてはお馴染みwpa_supplicantなので簡単…と思いつつ、なかなか接続に到らず難儀。

yano@Trusty:~$ sudo start network-manager

として再びNetwork-Managerで接続した時のログを比較してみたりしたが、何かが足りないというのはわかってもそれを活性化する為のwpa_supplicantの設定を行っているつもりなので、まさに行き詰まった状態に陥った。

まずは、ubuntuを再起動してからUSBドングルを指すというケースにおいて、接続＆通信できる事で良しとするところまでハードルを下げて、最終的には /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.confと/etc/networking/interfacesを

yano@Trusty:~$ cat /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
ctrl_interface_group=root

network={
    scan_ssid=0
    proto=WPA RSN
    key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
    auth_alg=OPEN
    pairwise=CCMP TKIP
    group=CCMP TKIP
    ssid="TEST-WIFI"
    #psk="passphrase"
    psk=9271f8b3376c756b2eafb25b0632b0b09a6b51bf688cc6f79ede98fcad114a74
}
yano@Trusty:~$
yano@Trusty:~$ cat /etc/networking/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# primary interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

# secondery interface
allow-hotplug wlan0
# manual wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
#   wpa-driver      nl80211
#   wpa-driver      wext
   wpa-conf        /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

yano@Trusty:~$

という構成で確認できた。

参考まで/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.confに記述していたパラメータは/etc/networking/interfaces自体に

yano@Trusty:~$ cat /etc/networking/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# primary interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

# secondery interface
allow-hotplug wlan0
# manual wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
#   wpa-driver      nl80211
#   wpa-driver      wext
#   wpa-conf        /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
    wpa-scan-ssid   0
    wpa-proto       WPA RSN
    wpa-key-mgmt    WPA-PSK
    wpa-auth-alg    OPEN
    wpa-pairwise    CCMP TKIP
    wpa-group       CCMP TKIP
    wpa-ssid        "TEST-WIFI"
    #psk="passphrase"
    wpa-psk         9271f8b3376c756b2eafb25b0632b0b09a6b51bf688cc6f79ede98fcad114a74

yano@Trusty:~$

という風に直接書く事もできる。USBデバイスに関わらず同じWiFiに接続させるのならば前者、USBデバイス毎に異なるWiFiに接続させるのならば後者という具合に使い分ける、…という使い分けが便利そうだ。

ちなみに、ドライバインタフェースは古来よりwireless-extensionsとしてお馴染みのwextと、新しくユーザーランドで動作するようにセキュリティ改善されたnl80211の2種類がある。最終的にはrt2800usb等のドライバに依存する事になるので闇雲にnl80211にしてしまうのも微妙かと思われるが、指定しないと両インタフェースが共存するようなので、基本的には特に指定しないのが無難と思われる。

上記のように/etc/networking/interfacesとwpa_supplicantの設定を行う事で、ethインタフェースのようにコマンドラインから

yano@Trusty:~$ sudo ifup wlan0

や

yano@Trusty:~$ sudo ifdown wlan0

という具合に制御できるハズだが、そう簡単にはうまくいかないのが世の常。動作確認では思い込みや先入観を排除し、USBドングルの抜き差しやubuntuのrebootも含めてトライして頂きたい。

【4/6追記】実機環境で追試してみたところ/etc/networking/interfacesの"manual"モードやifdown/ifupの操作でも問題無く動いたので、上記コマンドライン系の不具合はOracle VM VirtualBox由来の環境問題である可能性あり。

【参照】
●株式会社バッファロー BUFFALO http://buffalo.jp/
┣無線LAN子機
┣BUFFALO WLI-UC-GNM
┗BUFFALO WLI-UC-GNM2
●Amazon.co.jp https://www.amazon.co.jp/
┣BUFFALO Air Station NFINITI 11n/g/b USB用 無線子機 WLI-UC-GNM 713円
┗BUFFALO 11n対応 11g/b 無線LAN子機 親機-子機デュアルモード対応モデル WLI-UC-GNM2 909円